Wrzuciłeś dwa różne raporty: 2012 i 2017
Z raportu 2012, który wrzuciłeś wcześniej:
Gender is another important factor that determines the likelihood of being in forced
labour, especially in relation to specific economic activities. According to the ILO’s
Global Estimate, about 55 per cent of all victims are women and girls. In forced sexual
exploitation and in domestic work, the vast majority of victims are women and girls. In
other economic activities, however, men and boys tend to be disproportionally
represented. According to survey data discussed in this chapter, men and boys are
slightly more at risk of falling victim to forced labour than women and girls. This can be
explained by the selection of surveys, and a particular focus on bonded labour or debt
bondage.
Previous ILO studies have shown that it is usually the male head of the household that
borrows from moneylenders and hence pledges his labour as collateral. But this often
implies that the entire family is considered to be bonded. Some country surveys show
that male migrants were more often in forced labour than women, depending very
much on the choice of destination country. Other country surveys show that single
female headed households were more at risk of forced labour than male headed
households. Thus, while, gender is an important factor determining the risk of forced
labour, it is often contextual and there are great variances across countries, sectors and
forms of forced labour
Poprawcie mnie, jeśli się mylę, ale we wnioskach raportu napisano, że skala przymusowej pracy wśród mężczyzn może być niedoszacowana i zależnie od kraju ankiety sugerują, że więcej mężczyzn jest wykorzystywanych niż kobiet. A gdy cała rodzina zostaje zmuszona do odpracowania długów to niestety prawdopodobieństwo, że panie domu będą świadczyć usługi seksualne wzrasta znacznie.
Twoje założenie, ze definicje w raporcie są ekskluzywne jest wykluczone przez samych autorów np. tu:
MOST VICTIMS SUFFERED MULTIPLE
FORMS OF COERCION FROM
RECRUITERS OR EMPLOYERS
albo
migrant workers who are trafficked into
a variety of jobs including
construction work, domestic work, agricultural work,
factory work, and quite frequently for prostitution are
often controlled through debt
bondage and other mechanisms”.3
albo
The estimates also
confirm that different forms of coercion
may be used depending on whether the
victim is male or female, a finding that
can help inform victim identification and
responses. For example, the estimates
suggest that male victims were more
likely to be subjected to threats against
family, withheld wages, confinement,
denial of food and sleep, and threats of
legal action. In contrast, female victims
of forced labour suffered higher rates of
sexual violence and were more likely to
have their passports withheld.
Dodatkowo “forced sexual labor” obejmuje prostytutki z wyboru, które teraz z różnych względów nie mogą zrezygnować:
This includes women and men who have
involuntarily entered a form of commercial sexual exploitation, or who have
entered the sex industry voluntarily but
cannot leave.